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Upper Consolute Temperature of Water-Phenol Systems
with Some Additives
M. Singh
Chemistry Research Lab, Deshbandhu College,University
of Delhi, New Delhi-110019, India
(Received 15 February 2006, Accepted 27 August 2006)
Using upper consolute
temperatures (UCT) and corresponding
consolute compositions (CC) of water-phenol systems with each of
0.1 mol kg-1 salts and acids, 1.0% polyethylene glycol 200,
0.01 mol kg-1 surfactant and aromatic compounds, we obtained
0.01 mol kg-1 CaF2 and CrCl3
compositions. Focusing on UCT and CC, the role of valence electrons and
shell number, basicity, hydrophilic, hydrophobic and
p conjugated
electrons of corresponding additives are reported. The surfactants and
p
conjugation electrons are noted to decrease the UCT in a constant ratio
that depicts the state and inherent strength of ionic and
molecular-water interactions. The
data are useful in the investigation of cloud points of immiscible
solutions based on the Hofmeister series.
Keywords:
Upper consolute temperature, Hydrophilic,
Hydrophobic, Molecular interaction, p
conjugation
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